Babylonian a. : Of or pertaining to the real or to the mystical Babylon, or to the ancient kingdom of Babylonia; Chaldean.

Babylonian n. : An inhabitant of Babylonia (which included Chaldea); a Chaldean.

Babylonian n. : An astrologer; -- so called because the Chaldeans were remarkable for the study of astrology.

Example:
How long did the Assyrian and Babylonian empires exist?

Taxonomy
Babylonian, Babylonia, Babylon, Mesopotamia, Cyrus, astronomy, Nabonidus, king, tablet, Amorite, reign, empire, kingdom, Sumerian, dynasty, Assyrian, city, centuries.

Defination from the web:
Babylonian monarchy's western connections remained strong for quite some time. ... Of the reign of the last Babylonian king, Nabonidus (Nabu-na'id), and the conquest of Babylonia by Cyrus, there is a fair amount of information available. ...